Medieval English Literature

Allegory

A symbolic representation often involving personifications or other illustrations of abstract ideas, natural forces, and religious or moral concepts.

Alliterative Revival

name for a group of alliterative poems from the second half of the 14th century; revival in Middle English of Old English verse form; emerged in part as an English nationalistic reaction against French poetic styles (syllabic, rhymed verse); examples: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Piers Plowman, Morte Arthure.

Heroic Couplet

sets of two rhyming lines of iambic pentameter

Morality Plays

A variety of medieval drama characterized by the use of allegorical figures (see Allegory) for didactic purposes connected to religious and moral ideas.

Mystery Plays

A variety of medieval drama characterized by the representation of scenes from the Bible; generally composed in cycles or sequences of plays covering biblical episodes from the Creation to the Last Judgment.

Psychomachy

A battle or conflict taking place within the psyche, mind, or soul of a given character; usually involves dualized forces drawing the subject toward competing choices, paths, or goals

Rhyme Royal

Seven-line stanzas of iambic pentameter rhyming ababbcc

Romance

originally an Old French term (roman, i.e. a story in a Romance language) designating courtly narratives in verse dealing with Arthurian legends, the adventures of Charlemagne and his knights, and ancient Greek and Roman heroes like Alexander the Great; romances often involve adventure, the fantastic, love stories, and moral teachings

Runic Alphabet

Also known as futhorc; alphabet of the ancient Germanic peoples; the word rune meant "secret" (click here to see illustrations)

Special Characters in Old and Middle English Writing